Tenses :
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Tenses are used to show when an action happens: in the present, past, or future. They help us understand whether something is happening now, happened before, or will happen later.
कालहरूले क्रिया (कार्य) कहिले घटिरहेको छ भन्ने देखाउँछन्: वर्तमानमा, अतीतमा, वा भविष्यमा। यसले हामीलाई बुझ्न मद्दत गर्छ कि केहि काम अहिले भइरहेको छ, पहिले भएको थियो, वा पछि हुनेछ।
Vocabulary for Tenses with Example Sentences
Present Tense (वर्तमान काल):
| English Word | Nepali Meaning | Example Sentence (English) | Example Sentence (Nepali) |
| Always | सधैं | I always wake up early. | म सधैं चाँडै उठ्छु। |
| Usually | प्रायः | She usually drinks tea. | उनी प्रायः चिया खान्छिन्। |
| Often | अक्सर | He often reads books. | उनी अक्सर किताब पढ्छन्। |
| Sometimes | कहिलेकाहीँ | We sometimes play football. | हामी कहिलेकाहीँ फुटबल खेल्छौं। |
| Never | कहिल्यै पनि होइन | I never smoke. | म कहिल्यै पनि धुम्रपान गर्दिन। |
| Now | अहिले | He is studying now. | उ अहिले पढ्दैछ। |
| At the moment | यस समयमा | I am busy at the moment. | म अहिले व्यस्त छु। |
| These days | आजभोलि | She is learning to cook these days. | उनी आजभोलि पकाउन सिक्दैछिन्। |
| Right now | अहिले तुरुन्तै | I am eating right now. | म अहिले तुरुन्तै खान्दैछु। |
| Every day | हरेक दिन | She exercises every day. | उनी हरेक दिन व्यायाम गर्छिन्। |
| Regularly | नियमित रूपमा | He regularly attends meetings. | उनी नियमित रूपमा बैठकमा जान्छन्। |
| Always | सधैं | I always arrive early. | म सधैं चाँडै आइपुग्छु। |
| Usually | प्रायः | She usually takes the bus. | उनी प्रायः बस चढ्छिन्। |
| Occasionally | कहिलेकाहीं | I occasionally go to the movies. | म कहिलेकाहीं सिनेमा जान्छु। |
| Frequently | बारम्बार | He frequently travels for work. | उनी बारम्बार कामको लागि यात्रा गर्छन्। |
| Often | प्राय: | We often go to the park. | हामी प्राय: पार्क जान्छौं। |
| In the morning | बिहान | I go jogging in the morning. | म बिहान जोगिङ्ग गर्न जान्छु। |
| On weekends | सप्ताहन्तमा | I visit my grandparents on weekends. | म सप्ताहन्तमा हजुरआमाबुबालाई भेट्न जान्छु। |
| Typically | सामान्यतया | She typically wakes up at 6 am. | उनी सामान्यतया बिहान ६ बजे उठ्छिन्। |
| From time to time | कहिलेकाहीं | We meet from time to time. | हामी कहिलेकाहीं भेट्छौं। |
Past Tense (भूतकाल)
| English Word | Nepali Meaning | Example Sentence (English) | Example Sentence (Nepali) |
| Yesterday | हिजो | I went to school yesterday. | म हिजो विद्यालय गएँ। |
| Last night | हिजो राति | It rained heavily last night. | हिजो राति धेरै पानी पर्यो। |
| Last week | गएको हप्ता | I visited my uncle last week. | म गएको हप्ता काकाको घर गएँ। |
| A week ago | एक हप्ता अगाडि | He met me a week ago. | उनी एक हप्ता अगाडि मलाई भेट्न आए। |
| Last year | गएको वर्ष | We traveled to Pokhara last year. | हामी गएको वर्ष पोखरा घुम्न गएका थियौं। |
| Before | पहिले | She lived here before. | उनी पहिले यहाँ बस्थिन्। |
| In the past | विगतमा | People traveled on foot in the past. | विगतमा मानिसहरू पैदल यात्रा गर्थे। |
| Earlier | पहिल्यै | I called you earlier. | मैले तिमीलाई पहिल्यै फोन गरेँ। |
| The other day | अर्को दिन | I saw her the other day. | मैले उनलाई अर्को दिन देखेँ। |
| A long time ago | धेरै अगाडि | People lived differently a long time ago. | धेरै अगाडि मानिसहरू फरक तरिकाले बस्थे। |
| Once | एकपटक | I visited that place once. | मैले त्यो स्थान एकपटक भ्रमण गरेको थिएँ। |
| A month ago | एक महिना अगाडि | I met him a month ago. | मैले उनलाई एक महिना अगाडि भेटे। |
| In those days | ती दिनमा | People used to live in villages in those days. | ती दिनमा मानिसहरू गाउँमा बस्थे। |
| A few days ago | केही दिन अगाडि | I saw him a few days ago. | मैले उनलाई केही दिन अगाडि देखे। |
| Two days ago | दुई दिन अगाडि | They went to Kathmandu two days ago. | उनीहरू दुई दिन अगाडि काठमाडौं गए। |
| Last weekend | गएको सप्ताहन्त | We went hiking last weekend. | हामी गएको सप्ताहन्तमा हाइकिङ गर्न गएका थियौं। |
| The previous day | अघिल्लो दिन | She visited me the previous day. | उनले अघिल्लो दिन मलाई भेट्न आयो। |
| In the old days | पुराना दिनमा | In the old days, people didn’t have smartphones. | पुराना दिनमा, मानिससँग स्मार्टफोन थिएन। |
| That time | त्यो समय | That time, I didn’t know him. | त्यो समय, मैले उनलाई चिनेको थिइन। |
Future Tense (भविष्यकाल)
| English Word | Nepali Meaning | Example Sentence (English) | Example Sentence (Nepali) |
| Tomorrow | भोली | I will visit my grandma tomorrow. | म भोली हजुरआमालाई भेट्न जानेछु। |
| Next week | आउँदो हप्ता | We will go on a trip next week. | हामी आउँदो हप्ता यात्रामा जानेछौं। |
| Soon | छिट्टै | She will call you soon. | उनी तिमीलाई छिट्टै फोन गर्नेछिन्। |
| One day | एक दिन | One day, I will be a doctor. | एक दिन, म डाक्टर बन्नेछु। |
| By tomorrow | भोली भित्र | I will finish my homework by tomorrow. | म भोली भित्र मेरो गृहकार्य सक्नेछु। |
| In the future | भविष्यमा | In the future, people will use flying cars. | भविष्यमा, मानिसहरूले उड्ने गाडीहरू प्रयोग गर्नेछन्। |
| Next month | आउँदो महिना | She will start a new job next month. | उनी आउँदो महिना नयाँ जागिर सुरु गर्नेछिन्। |
| Next year | आउँदो वर्ष | I will learn to drive next year. | म आउँदो वर्ष गाडी चलाउन सिक्नेछु। |
| After a while | केही समय पछि | I will see you after a while. | म केही समय पछि तिमीलाई भेट्नेछु। |
| In a few days | केही दिनमा | We will meet in a few days. | हामी केही दिनमा भेट्नेछौं। |
| Later | पछि | We will talk later. | हामी पछि कुरा गर्नेछौं। |
| This weekend | यस सप्ताहान्त | I will relax this weekend. | म यस सप्ताहान्तमा विश्राम गर्नेछु। |
| By the end of the month | महिना को अन्त्य सम्म | I will complete the report by the end of the month. | म महिना को अन्त्य सम्म रिपोर्ट समाप्त गर्नेछु। |
| By next week | आउँदो हप्ता भित्र | I will finish the task by next week. | म आउँदो हप्ता भित्र काम समाप्त गर्नेछु। |
| In the near future | नजिकको भविष्यमा | I will study more in the near future. | म नजिकको भविष्यमा बढी पढ्नेछु। |
| On Monday | सोमवारमा | I will meet you on Monday. | म सोमवारमा तपाईंलाई भेट्नेछु। |
| Before the end of the year | वर्षको अन्त्य भन्दा पहिले | We will finish the project before the end of the year. | हामी वर्षको अन्त्य भन्दा पहिले परियोजना समाप्त गर्नेछौं। |
| Soon after | छिट्टै पछि | She left soon after the meeting. | बैठक पछि उनी छिट्टै जानुभयो। |