Helping Verb

Helping Verb

A helping verb is a word that helps the main verb in a sentences. It give extra meaning to the main verb, like:

• When the action is happening (Tense)
• For questions
• For negative sentence
• To modify the meaning of the main verb by expressing ideas such as advice, obligation, permission, or possibility.

Helping Verb वा सहायक क्रिया भन्नाले यस्तो क्रियालाई जनाउँछ जुन मुख्य क्रियालाई सहायता दिन्छ।
यो आफैंले पूर्ण अर्थ दिँदैन तर मुख्य क्रियासँग मिलेर अर्थ दिन्छ।

• क्रिया कुन समयमा भइरहेको छ (Tense)
• सवाल हो कि होइन (Question)
• नकारात्मक वाक्य हो कि होइन (Negative)
• क्षमता, सुझाव, अनुमति, आदि ।

Types of helping verbs

There are two types of helping verbs. They are explained below :-

Primary Helping Verbs

Primary helping verbs are the most commonly used auxiliary verbs in English. These verbs are used to show tense (time of action) and to help form questions and negative sentences.

• Be verbs (is, am, are, was, were),
• Have verbs (have, has, had), and
• Do verbs (do, does, did).

They work together with the main verb to complete the meaning of a sentence. Without them, we can’t make many correct English sentences.

प्राइमरी हेल्पिङ भर्बहरू (Primary Helping Verbs) अङ्ग्रेजीमा सबैभन्दा धेरै प्रयोग हुने सहायक क्रियाहरू हुन्। यी क्रियाहरू कार्यको समय (tense) देखाउन प्रयोग गरिन्छ र प्रश्नवाचक वाक्य तथा नकारात्मक वाक्य बनाउन पनि उपयोगी हुन्छन्।

• Be verbs (is, am, are, was, were),
• Have verbs (have, has, had),
• Do verbs (do, does, did)

यी मुख्य क्रिया (main verb) सँग मिलेर वाक्यको अर्थ पूरा गर्छन्।

Primary Helping Verbs – Be, Have, Do: Uses with Nepali Meaning and Examples

Verb Types	Helping Verb	Use / Rule (English)	Use / Rule (Nepali)	Example Sentence	नेपाली अनुवाद
Be verb	am	Used only with “I” in present tense	वर्तमानमा “I” सँग मात्र प्रयोग हुन्छ।	I am learning.	म सिक्दैछु।
	is	Used with he, she, it, or singular nouns in present tense	एकवचन नाम वा he, she, it सँग प्रयोग हुन्छ।	She is cooking.	उनी खाना पकाउँदै छिन्।
	are	Used with you, we, they, or plural nouns in present tense	you, we, they वा बहुवचन नामसँग प्रयोग हुन्छ।	They are playing.	उनीहरू खेलिरहेका छन्।
	was	Past tense for I, he, she, it	I, he, she, it सँग भूतकाल देखाउन प्रयोग हुन्छ।	He was tired.	ऊ थाकेको थियो ।
	were	Past tense for you, we, they	you, we, they सँग भूतकाल देखाउन प्रयोग हुन्छ।	We were happy.	हामी खुशी थियौं।
Do verb	do	Present tense with I, you, we, they for questions and negatives	I, you, we, they सँग प्रश्न र नकारात्मक वाक्यहरूमा प्रयोग।	Do you like tea?	के तिमीलाई चिया मन पर्छ?
	does	Present tense with he, she, it for questions and negatives	he, she, it सँग प्रश्न वा नकारात्मक वाक्यमा प्रयोग।	He does not dance.	ऊ नाच्दैन।
	did	Past tense with all subjects	सबै subject सँग भूतकाल देखाउन प्रयोग हुन्छ।	Did she go to school?	के उनी स्कूल गइन्?
Have verb	have	Present perfect with I, you, we, they	I, you, we, they सँग भएको काम देखाउन।	I have finished work.	मैले काम सकिसकेको छु।
	has	Present perfect with he, she, it, singular nouns	he, she, it वा एकवचन नाम सँग प्रयोग।	She has eaten lunch.	उसले खाना खाइसकेकी छ।
	had	Past perfect with all subjects	सबै subject सँग भूतकालको काम देखाउन।	We had left early.	हामी चाँडै निस्किएका थियौं।

Modal Helping Verbs

A modal helping verb is a word we use before the main verb to give more meaning to the action.

It tells us:

• If something is possible
• If someone is allowed to do something
• If something is necessary
• Or if someone can do something

These are common modal verbs:
can, could, may, might, must, shall, should, will, would

Modal helping verb भन्नाले यस्तो शब्द हो जुन मुख्य क्रियाअघि प्रयोग गरिन्छ र जसले क्रियामा अर्थ थप्छ।

यो बताउँछ कि:

• काम सम्भव छ कि छैन
• अनुमति दिइएको छ कि छैन
• त्यो गर्नैपर्ने कुरा हो कि होइन
• मानिसले त्यो काम गर्न सक्छ कि छैन

सामान्य Modal Verbs:
can, could, may, might, must, shall, should, will, would

Structure of Modal Verbs:
Subject + Modal + Base Verb (V1) + Object

Why Do We Use the Base Verb After a Modal?
We use the base form (V1) of the verb after a modal because:

• Modal already gives the meaning
  Words like can, will, should, must already tell us about time, possibility, or advice. So, we don’t change the main verb.
• It’s a grammar rule
  After modal verbs, we must use the base verb (V1). This is a fixed rule in English.
• It keeps sentences easy
  Using the base verb makes the sentence clear and simple to understand.

किन Modal Verb पछि Base Verb प्रयोग गरिन्छ?
हामी Modal पछि क्रियाको आधार रूप (V1) प्रयोग गर्छौं किनभने:

• Modal ले पहिले नै अर्थ देखाउँछ
  can, will, must, should जस्ता शब्दले पहिले नै समय, अनुमति वा सल्लाहको अर्थ दिन्छन्। त्यसैले मुख्य क्रिया फेरि परिवर्तन गर्नुपर्दैन।
• यो Grammar को नियम हो
  Modal पछि सधैं Base Verb (V1) आउँछ। यो English को निश्चित नियम हो।
• वाक्य बुझ्न सजिलो हुन्छ
  Base verb प्रयोग गर्दा sentence सरल र सजिलो हुन्छ।

Modal Verbs and Their Uses: Nepali Meaning and Examples

Modal verb	Meaning	Use / Rule (English)	Use / Rule (Nepali)	Example Sentence	नेपाली अनुवाद
Can	Ability	Used to show ability or give permission	योग्यता, अनुमति वा सम्भावना देखाउन	I can sing.	म गाउन सक्छु।
	Permission			Can I go now?	के म जान सक्छु?
	Possibility			It can be dangerous.	यो खतरनाक हुन सक्छ।
Could	Past ability	Past of “can”, or polite request	“can” को भूतकाल वा बिनम्र अनुरोध गर्न	I could walk fast.	म छिटो हिँड्न सक्थें।
	Polite request			Could you help me?	के तिमीले मद्दत गर्न सक्छौ?
	Possibility			It could rain.	सायद पानी पर्ला।
May	Formal permission	Used to ask or give formal permission Or to show possibility	अनुमति माग्न वा दिन प्रयोग गरिन्छ वा सम्भावना देखाउन	May I come in?	के म भित्र आउँ?
	Possibility			It may snow today.	आज हिउँ पर्न सक्छ।
Might	Weak possibility	Used to show small chance (less sure than “may”)	कम सम्भावना देखाउन प्रयोग (may भन्दा कम निश्चित)	I might go out.	म बाहिर जान सक्छु होला।
				He might come later.	ऊ पछि आउन सक्छ।
Shall	Offer	Used with “I” or “we” to offer or suggest	“I” वा “we” सँग प्रस्ताव वा सुझाव दिन	Shall we go?	जाऔं त?
	Suggestion			Shall I help you?	के म तिमीलाई मद्दत गरूँ?
Should	Advice	Used to give advice or say what’s correct	सल्लाह दिन वा के गर्नु ठीक हो भन्न प्रयोग	You should sleep early.	तिमी चाँडो सुत्नुपर्छ।
	What is right			He should be here now.	ऊ अहिले यहाँ हुनुपर्छ।
Will	Future	To talk about future, make a promise or quick decision	भविष्य देखाउन, वाचा गर्न वा तुरुन्त निर्णय गर्न	I will come tomorrow.	म भोलि आउँछु।
	Promise and decision			I will help you.	म तिमीलाई मद्दत गर्नेछु।
Would	Polite request	For polite offers, imaginary situations or past habits	बिनम्र अनुरोध, कल्पना वा पहिलेको बानी देखाउन	Would you like tea?	के तिमीलाई चिया चाहिन्छ?
	Imagination			I would travel if I had money.	पैसा भएको भए म यात्रा गर्थें।
	Past			We would play outside.	हामी बाहिर खेल्थ्यौं।
Must	Strong rule	To express strong need or something surely true	कडा नियम वा निश्चित कुरा देखाउन	You must wear shoes.	तिमीले जुत्ता लगाउनै पर्छ।
	Certainty			He must be tired.	ऊ थाकेको हुनुपर्छ।

Easy Rules to Remember

• A helping verb works with the main verb.
• Be verbs go with -ing (is going, was singing).
• Have verbs go with V3 (have eaten, had seen).
• Do verbs go with V1 (do play, did come).
• Modal verbs go with V1 (can swim, must try).

याद राख्नुपर्ने कुराहरू:

• Helping Verb मुख्य क्रियाको अघि आउँछ।
• Be क्रिया पछि -ing (V4) आउँछ: is eating
• Have क्रिया पछि V3 (past participle) आउँछ: has eaten
• Do पछि base verb (V1) आउँछ: do play
• Modal Verb पछि सधैं base verb (V1) आउँछ: can swim, should go